East European Studies

The book is neither a grand narrative of European history nor a narrative of specific rulers. It is an attempt to view the Habsburg family as the product of a grounded iconology which the family itself had created for centuries. One can therefore argue that this book is a variation of postmodernist history, a school of thought which synthesizes innovation and hypotheses, common sense and logic. The book is not oriented towards the recreation of important events in the history of the Habsburgs it...

The present ruler has lost absolutely the affection of the Russian people, and whatever the future may have in store for the dynasty, the present tsar will never again be safe in the midst of his people.- The American consul in OdessaThe Revolution in 1905 was an insurrection of the mankind of Russia uttering for a change in their administration. That begun by concerned troupes aperturing the fire on tranquil striders in St. Petersburg on January 9, on the same year, since that date has been called...

After the fall of the Second Triumvirate with the defeat of Antony in the Battle of Actium, Augustus became the unofficial princeps of the Roman Empire exercising de facto dictatorial powers within the ambit of the constitution of the Republic. Being supreme in the whole of the empire, Augustus instituted various reforms in the military and political fronts. Through these reforms, Augustus implicitly hoped to secure his continued rule over Rome, to glorify Rome as a capital city and to establish...

The Revolution of 1905 is a significant part of the history of Russia. The situation of the country in the years before this revolution was filled with hardships and sufferings because of the mismanagement of the governing body. Even before 1905, several parts of Russia have already begun defying their governments because the harsh conditions and cruel practices brought about by the autocratic rulers caused grave damages to the lives of the people. Peasant leaders from many towns led their people...

Narratives passed on by early civilizations reflect much of their own lives and culture. Narratives were documented through word of mouth, drawings, and text. Stories were shared and were devised for entertainment purposes (Dalley, 1989).     The account of great flood of the early times was given light through different languages, with different characters, and, somehow, the same perspective. The story of the great flood permeates several cultures. It is said that the Bibles version...

This paper highlights in detail the events and the changes occurring in Soviet Foreign Policy from 1921 -1941. Soviet foreign policy is a function representing not only the pursuit of its international objectives but also its responses to external stimuli. It has changed several times during the era from 1921 to 1941, partly due to ideological basis and partly because of realistic and practical reasons. There had been a gradual shift from revolutionary path to socialism in 1920s in Soviet state...

Cultural and social policies are important aspects that shape and define the life of the people in a community. Since these policies directly affect how people interact, its development is pivotal to any political and economical structure. In the case of the Soviet Union, the cultural and social policies have undergone several changes from the October Revolution to 1991. The collapse of the Communist order in 1991 was attributed to the seventy-five years of widespread enthusiasm for the new and...